![]() ![]() In particular, it depends on contaminants transported to the sea by rivers and inland watersheds, along which numerous industrial, agro-livestock activities and/or intense urbanization phenomena are present, while a significant contribution is due to the direct sources, in coastal waters, of urban landfills and industrial discharges. The pollution of marine waters is mainly due to the development of anthropogenic activities that result in the direct or indirect introduction of substances capable of having harmful effects on living organisms-and, consequently, on human health-into the aquatic environment. ![]() The only concern, related to Ni acute toxicity, also dependent on the different consumers’ sensitivity, was related to only one sample.įish constitutes a fundamental component of the Italian diet, representing a relevant source of protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids and micronutrients however, humans, through the consumption of fish products, are exposed to various contaminants in relation to the quality of the environment from which they are derived. According to our results, the assessed risk was very reassuring also for large consumers. Considering the lack of data on PFASs and PTEs in this species, our aim was to investigate the mentioned contaminants in salted and canned anchovies collected over 10 months from different fishing areas, even those far apart, to verify possible variations in bioaccumulation and to consider the risk for the consumer. Regarding fish, anchovies are among the five small pelagic main commercial species in the European Union and the top five fresh species consumed by households in Italy. In recent years, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has been focusing its attention on consumer toxicological risk, considering emerging contaminants such as perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and potentially toxic elements (PTEs). ![]() Fish plays a key role in a healthy and balanced Italian diet, but it is also subject to the bioaccumulation of different contaminants depending on the geographical or anthropogenic context from which it is derived. ![]()
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